Anaemia in solitary acyanotic ventricular septal defect in comorbid with pneumonia or pulmonary hypertension: A retrospective study of 75 paediatric cases

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Anaemia is a common complication of a myriad medical conditions often met in general ward. Its etiology is complex and multifactorial, encompassing intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Nevertheless, the effect(s) of small to moderate VSD’s on the occurrence of both PNA and PH amongst paediatric patients, especially infants has not been fully explored. Adults and older children may tolerate and survive the effects. However, infants with limited iron storage and supply (exclusive breast milk) may not with standn