Early assessment of antiretroviral efficacy is critical to prevent the emergence of resistance mutations in HIV-tuberculosis coinfected patients: a substudy of the CARINEMO-ANRS12146 trial

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Antiretroviral therapy (ART) aims to sustain virological suppression, which is associated with a clinical benefit and immune recovery. It also prevents HIV transmission and limits the emergence of antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance. In a recent meta-analysis, Gupta. In 2016, 80% of the worldwide prescription of ART-included efavirenz (EFV), a non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-class drug. The phase 3 CARINEMO randomized clinical trial enrolled 570 HIV-TB coinfected patients in Mozambique, Africa, and compared the efficacy and safety of two NNRTIs (nevirapine [NVP] and EFV) for ART-naïve patientsn